High School and Essay Entitlement Education Essay

High school is a place where students can slide easily through. They do not have to put forth any effort to get a good grade. They feel that they can get maximum achievement with minimum work. To some high school is way too easy and that they can just cake walk through. However, to others, such as author Daniel Bruno, it is an imperfect reality that many high school students get sucked into. In his essay â€Å"Entitlement Education,† Daniel Bruno courageously uncovers the truth about how high school students take advantage of the No Child Left Behind policy. Daniel goes behind the curtains to reveal real life high school and how students are not trying to achieve greatness but just enough or nothing at all. In America we have a society that allows our students to not try their best in school. Students wake up knowing that they don’t have to try as hard because they will receive a passing grade. Daniel exposes how students are under prepare for college because they lack the knowledge being taught in high school. They do not pay close attention because again they expect or they feel that they are entitled to a good grade. They will also be cheated because their lives will be less. They will get find his or her self at a disadvantage on a job. They say that intelligence is the quality of his or her life. A person may have knowledge but no intelligence. So, they can know all the facts there is to know but cannot apply it to solve problems or make connections. In conclusion, entitlement does go on forever. They are cheated out of a number of things before they even realize it. Entitlement is only handicapping high school students from the next level which is college. Entitlement can ruin the dreams of students who are caught up in this unreal reality and think they are entitled to anything. Work Cited â€Å"Almanac.† The Chronicle of Higher Education. Chronicle Of Higher Education, 2000. Web. 18 Oct. 2001.

Case Study of P1

1. 0 Introduction 1. 1 Company Background Packet One Networks (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. (P1) was launched on August 18, 2008 as a subsidiary of Green Packet Bhd, which is a leading global developer of Next Generation Mobile Broadband Networking Solutions. P1 is Malaysia’s first and leading WiMAX telecommunications company with the country widest WiMAX network and it represents the first large-scale commercial deployment of Mobile WiMAX in Southeast Asia, as well as the first large-scale deployment of an 802. 16e WiMAX network outside Korea. P1 was one of four companies awarded 2. GHz spectrum licenses by the Malaysian Government to deploy WiMax services throughout Malaysia (www. p1. com. my, 2009). 1. 2 Company’s vision P1 objective is to become the market leader in wireless broadband industry. To achieve that, P1 are now putting their effort on broadening wireless broadband connectivity across the region in order to capture more market. (www. p1. com. my, 2009). 1. 3 WiMAX WiMAX is an abbreviation of Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. It is a standard-based technology enabling delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL. WiMAX enables deliverables of bandwidth between two points or between a point to multipoint to customer. The usage of WiMAX requires certain bandwidth of spectrum to be allocated to the service provider, in accordance to the channeling plan approved and published by Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission(MCMC) (www. greenpacket. com, 2008). 2. 0 Michael Porter 5 Forces 2. 1 Threat of new entry Telecom industry is one of the industries which have the biggest barrier to enter. Firstly, to enter this industry requires a lot of cash to cover high ixed equipment and innovation cost (Gupta. A, 2008). Secondly, the ownership a telecom license can be one of the biggest barriers to entry, because government may refuse to give license to operator to operate their business (WiMAXian. com, 2009). Thirdly, advertisements to create awareness to public are very costly; it is very hard to draw public attention if there is no enough advertisement since there are so many players in Malaysi a. Moreover, skilled human capitals are required to operate the business (Gupta. A, 2008). Lastly, high exit barriers scared off investors in get into this business, concluding that the threat of new entry is very low. 2. 2 Competitive rivalry As Internet plays a very important role in human’s daily life, most of the people have to in touch with internet every day. So, to attract more subscribers, competitors have to lower down their price and provide more benefits in order to survive since they have invest an enormous capital in this business that with high exit barrier due to its specialize equipment. There are more than 10 internet service providers (ISP) in Malaysia. Normally, new carriers are used to take low price strategy to attract customers, which lead to a price war (wwwen. zte. com. cn, 2010). Besides that, these ISP do their promotion and advertising frequently as everyone in major city can see it every day and everywhere. The fierceness of frequent advertisement had leaded to an advertising war between P1 and Streamyx in 2009 (Risen. J, 2009). Moreover, High customer churn rate shows that any unsatisfaction in term of speed, stability and price will cause customer to switch to other service provider (Gupta. A, 2008). It may conclude that the competitive rivalry in internet industry is highly intensive. 2. 3 Bargaining power of buyer With the increased choices of broadband service in Malaysia, the bargaining power of buyer is rising; this leads into customers seeking low prices but have better services. On the other hand, the switching cost from one to another Internet service provider is relatively low, customers can switch to other service provider easily, and this enhanced the bargaining power of buyer. 2. 4 Bargaining power of supplier P1 need to have sets of specialize hardware and software equipment to run their business. From hardware (Base station, CPE, Antenna, Cooling system and etc) to software (Billing software, Network Monitoring, Test Software), there are enough number of suppliers weaken bargaining power. As a conclusion for the bargaining power of supplier, it is average as P1 have many other options (www. wimax-industry. com, 2009). 2. 5 Threat of substitution High substitution threats from non-traditional telecom industries’ product and services, for example: Cable television verses Satellite television, Internet telephony verses traditional voice calls (Gupta. A, 2008). 3. 0 Segmentation Targeting and Positioning 3. 1 Target Market P1’s target markets are metropolitans who seek for convenience lifestyle. 3. 2 Positioning P1 had positioned WiMAX as a 4G technology that is superior to High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) and 3G technologies, which are the fastest, conveniences, stable wireless broadband network in Malaysia. Thus, P1 had done a â€Å"Potong (Cut) Now† campaign to encourage public to free themselves from hassles, frustration and any other unsatisfying broadband services. (www. p1. com. y, 2009) 4. 0 Marketing Mix 4. 1 Product The core product that P1 provided is internet connection service. There are two supporting products for people to connect to internet provided by P1 which are Wifi-enabled Desktop Modem and Portable Modem WIGGY; it can be diversify into many plans. 4. 1. 1 Wifi-enabled Desktop Modem Wifi-enabled Desktop Modem allows several users to connect to internet at the same time by WLAN technology. There a re 5 standard plans which are categorized into two major plans: Home and Office. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) For Home, it can be divided into 3 plans which are LITE, PLUS and PRO. The â€Å"LITE† plan connection speed is 400kbps and usage threshold are setting at 5GB. The â€Å"Plus† plan provided 1. 2 Mbps connection speed with 20GB usage threshold. The â€Å"PRO† plan provided 2. 4 Mbps connection speed and usage threshold are setting at 40 GB. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) Whereas for Office, are divided into Standard and Premium. The â€Å"Standard† plan provided 1. 2Mbps Internet connection speed and enjoying unlimited usage threshold. The â€Å"Premium† plan provide 2. Mbps internet connection speed and enjoying unlimited usage threshold by unlimited as well. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) 4. 1. 2 Portable Modem WIGGY Unlike Wifi-enabled Desktop Modem, there are only two major plans for Wiggy which is Wiggy 69 and WIGGY*. Wiggy 69 provide 800kps connection speed, allowing 5GB of usage threshold. Whereas for WIGGY*, provided speed up to 10mbps with usage thresho ld 10GB (www. p1. com. my, 2010). 4. 2 Price P1 had offered a â€Å"stimulus package† which is RM 49 per month to attract the new broadband users and students. Another competitive package includes WIGGY with RM69 and RM149 per month. In the below, the table shows that the competitive prices between P1 and Streamyx. [pic] Table 1 – P1 W1max [pic] Table 2 – Streamyx Table 1 and table 2 shows the prices of P1 WiMAX and Streamyx according to the prices. From here, it shows that P1 keeping the price to be balance with others competitors, which Streamyx are provide â€Å"Streamyx 2. 0Mbps† package with price RM 188, and P1 are provide the plan â€Å"PRO 2. 4Mbps† with price RM 199. (www. p1. com. my, 2010 and www. Streamy. com, 2010). The prices of all plan set by P1 almost the same with others competitors because P1 believes in an â€Å"honesty policy† in which the subscriber knows upfront which speed and price is worth for them. Thereby, P1 not only keeps the price balance but also increases market share and influences the local market. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) 4. 3 Place States and places had covered by P1 are Kuala Lumpur, Johor Bahru, Kuantan, Selangor, Perak, Pulau Pinang, and Perlis. P1 are planning to roll out its Wimax Services in the state which still haven’t covered by P1 that include Kuala Terengganu, Melaka, Sabah and Sarawak. www. p1. com. my, 2010) P1 recruit resellers to provide registration service in different state and areas that including Perak Ipoh, Pulau Pinang Butterworth, Johor Batu Pahat, Kuala Lumpur Putra Jaya and many other places which covered by P1 WiMAX coverage. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) On the other hand, P1 Green Packet’s headquarter located beside the Federal Highway in KL, it also houses their customer service center to provide reception service for customers come to registration with P1 Modem, require information, make payment, and others. (www. hot-screensaver. om) Lastly, internet also plays as an important part for P1 as play strategy, customers can make registration and bill payments are P1 official website. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) 4. 4 Promotion P1 has paid more attention to brand image promotion, and there are variety of promotions provided by P1 to attract more customers that involved P1 likes to attend different kinds of industrial exhibitions, seminars and summits, and make speeches to promote P1’s brand (wwwen. zte. com. cn, 2010). Besides that, P1 had also promoted their services through advertisement. It features with three conventional forms of media which are television, newspaper, and radio. 4. 5 People Externally, P1 recruit resellers to promote and persuade customer to subscribe P1 Wimax internet connection services. Customer can find P1 WiMAX reseller easily as long as they are under P1 services coverage (www. p1. com. my, 2010). Internally, P1 hire formal receptionist to serve customers at their headquarter-PacketHub reception. Moreover, P1 also hires operators for customer care line to serve call in when customer encounter problems or need advance information. The operation hours of P1 Customer Care Line starting from 8a. m to 11p. m, it also available on public holidays. (www. p1. com. my, 2010) 4. 6 Process P1 payment can make by online bill payment, auto debit, cheque payment and phone-in payment. Online bill payment allows customers to pay online by using Visa/MasterCard, Banks Savings and Current Account. Customer also can use Auto Debit/Auto pay system to do payment, it is an automatically system that will deduct customer bank savings or current account on a fixed schedule. It is for sure that customers can use cheque payment method to pay for their bill; this is the very common way to make payment. Moreover, there is an option for customer to pay by phone-in payment, but only for MBF credit card holder and Visa/Master card holder (www. p1. com. my, 2010). 4. 7 Physical Evidence 4. 7. 1 Official Website P1’s official website is well design; it is eye catching, multifunctional and easy to use. It contains of information, announcement, online speed meter check, online payment, coverage check, online feedback and so on (www. p1. com. my, 2010). 4. 7. 2 Packaging Packaging boxes of P1 W1WAX are made by high quality carton; this is to ensure that it can physically protect the product inside, preventing any damages from unexpected event. Moreover, the packaging itself are well design and nicely labeled, this is to attract and to relay information to customers. A well made design of packaging can be a tool to influence customer’s perception in term of quality of the product, indirectly persuade customer to choose P1 WiMAX internet connection service from other competitors. [pic] Picture 1 Packaging of P1 WiMAX Modem 5. 0 S. W. O. T of P1 wimax Strengths: |Weakness: | |First mover and market leader |Low Coverage | |Strong brand image |Erratic connection, weak connection signal | |Ease of use, affordable 4G technology | | |Partnering with government | | |Support from parent company | | |Opportunity: |Threats: | |Consumer preferences for internet access service |Threaten from Redtone | |Technological advancement |Preference for wired broa dband and free wireless services | |States going wireless |Intense competition | 1. Strengths: 5. 1. First mover and Market leader P1 is Malaysia’s first and leading Wimax telecommunications company with the country’s widest Wimax network. The company gains the first mover advantages. It obtains control of resources that followers may not be able to match. P1 also formed a partnership with Sunway Group and completed deployment of the first phase of the [email  protected] project, providing wireless broadband Internet access to more than 80 percent of home and business users and over 2 million visitors to the group’s flagship township, making Bandar Sunway the first integrated Wi-Fi/WiMAX wireless township in Malaysia. (www. p1. com. my, 2009) 2. Partnering with Government Moreover, P1 was chosen by the local government, the Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL), and regulator, the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC), to set up the Wi-Fi/WiMAX (Wi-Fi mesh) Kuala Lumpur Wireless Metropolitan Project ([email  protected]), deploying over 1,500 hotspots and currently serving more than 130,000 users with free wireless broadband Internet access in Kuala Lumpur. (www. p1. com. my, 2009) It helps to create a strong brand image to P1 Wimax. P1 has established relationships with various local governments and communities to attract more new customers. 3. Ease of use, affordable 4G Technology Besides that, the ease-of-use offered by current modems, with true plug-and-play compatibility for typical users and greater flexibility for more advanced users (such as online gamers and heavy downloaders) to get the connection configuration freedom that they need truly satisfy the customer. P1 Wimax requires no configuration, no software installation (for desktop modems), no additional lines—just plug-and-play operation (www. p1. com. my, 2010). The price of the plan and packages for customer are also affordable. 4. Support from parent company P1 is a subsidiary company of Green Packet, a technology company from Silicon Valley, and gets its technology and designs from Green Packet. With the help of Green Packet, it brings the future to present by offering one? stop cost effective data, voice, video and other value added services for all communication needs. The technology can transfer or sharing between each other. 1. Weakness: 5. 2. 1 Low Coverage P1 W1MAX Wiggy signal coverage still not wide enough, there is only 35% population coverage by the end of 2009. 9As P1 Wimax service is still relatively new and in the process of being fully implemented, coverage is still not optimal especially in East Malaysia. However, P1 has a new marketing strategy out. Instead of planning where to â€Å"P1 W1MAX† enable, they are asking their users to vote for the next â€Å"P1 W1MAX† coverage areas. P1 hoping to reach 45% population coverage by the end of 2010, and 65% population coverage by the end of 2012 in Malaysia. (www. p1. com. my) 5. 2. 2 Erratic connection, weak connection signal The signal of the connection show a little erratic when the user wasn’t exactly in the coverage area. Beside that, depending on the location of the P1 tower, the connection also varied from various parts of the house and performed best when the modem was placed close to the windows. On the other hand, the P1 modem may not work if you are using a work laptop where you do not have permission to install applications. This is because the P1 modem will actually install a little application in your laptop or computer to enable it to connect so you will have to ensure that your computer allows installation of applications. Based on these weaknesses, the P1 Company has created an opportunity to their competition to move in; they still need to do a lot of improvement to increase its performance and quality. 2. Opportunity: 5. 3. Consumer preferences for internet access service Information technology (IT) and advanced communications are playing an increasing role in national productivity growth, the creation of new network-based activities, and improving education and living standards. Frequen cy of Internet activity – â€Å"many times a week† Activity All Dial-up High-speed Email & instant messaging 71. 4 68. 5 79. 7 Search engines & purchase products 37. 8 29. 5 60. 8 Play games & gamble 21. 0 17. 7 30. 8 Share music file or photos 10. 1 6. 19. 5 Banking, trading stocks, or bill payment 9. 8 7. 4 16. 5 Download movies to view on PC 1. 0 0. 9 1. 3 Note. Cells are percent of respondents using the activity â€Å"many times a week. †(Table taken from Telecommunications Research Group, University of Colorado) The table above shows Internet activity for the most extremes responses. The boom of e-business and m-commerce, doing things such as paying bills online and being on the go creates an opportunity for P1 as the trend is to utilize and makes the best of all the time you have. This is due to the increasing preference for full mobility, doing things on the go and online connectivity. [pic] The table above shows that the internet users and broadband internet users had been increase. By the end of June 2008, there were 1. 718mn broadband subscribers in the market, and our estimate of seeing just over 2mn by the end of the year is expected to be achieved, led by demand for wireless broadband. (Malaysia Telecommunications Report, 2009) This trend is expected to continue, particularly given that the country reported the deployment of its first WiMAX services in the third quarter of this year. We are forecasting around 7mn broadband subscribers by 2013, representative of a penetration rate of 24%. The increase of broadband users is also a sign that the market would be ready for P1 Wimax if the service and promotion are implemented successfully. 2. States going wireless [email  protected], is a state government initiative engaging the WiMAX-based P1 wireless Internet service. P1’s part of the project is actually named [email  protected], a subset of the larger initiative, to deliver broadband Internet connectivity to areas with high numbers of tourists, as well as densely-populated locations, making Penang one of the first cities in the world offering full WiMAX connectivity. (www. p1. com. my, 2009) This provides an opportunities as P1 may take advantages of this need and be the most widely used, known or eve sole provider in the state. This will put them ahead of their competition as well as help to establish credibility and reputation. 3. Technological advancement MIMOS, the premier applied research centre in frontier technologies, today announced that its WiWi Technology Platform – the world’s first hybrid WiFi and WiMAX solution which operates on 2. 3 GHz frequency designed as an alternative for last mile broadband connectivity to accelerate Malaysia’s broadband ecosystem – is ready for nationwide commercialisation. (www. mimos. my, 2009) The new MIMOS WiWi allows for better penetration into the broadband market such as being able to reach rural areas where pulling cables are more costly, time consuming and inefficient option. If P1 is able to build a strong brand image, excellent reputation and services, it will be able to capture the lion’s share of the market. 3. Threats: 5. 4. 1 Threaten from Redtone Redtone, using base stations and CPE equipment from Motorola, has launched the first commercial WiMAX service in East Malaysia. (www. telecoms. com, 2010)The first phase of the WiMAX network covers the Kota Kinabalu business district. With Redtone heavily investing and focusing in East Malaysia, Redtone has managed to establish themselves and build credibility there. This creates an obstacle for P1 whose objectives is to be the leader in the wireless broadband industry. P1 will find it much harder to penetrate that market without heavy investment in promotions and improving their services or Redtone’s service deteriorates. 2. Preference for wired broadband and free wireless services As wireless broadband is still not very advanced, it tends to be either more unstable or does not have extensive coverage. As such, people may not want to pay for wireless broadband when options such as wired internet in the office or home are available. Free Wi-Fi services are also available to cater for the increasing preference for full mobility in many places such as F&B outlets such as Starbucks, McDonalds, Secret Recipe, Old Town cafes, Papa Rich and so on. 3. Intense competition P1 Wimax operates in the highly competitive and rapidly evolving technology industry. Rapid changes in the technology have resulted in the frequent introduction of new products with competitive prices, features, and performance characteristics. Some of the competitors of the company include fixed line (TMNet Streamyx), and cellular providers through their HSDPA/HSUPA (Celcom, Digi, Maxis). With telecoms lying new technologies from time to time (towards LTE) and TMNet starting High-speed (using fiber) broadband next year in metro areas of Klang Valley. Moreover, P1 only offers 2 portable Wimax packages, the Wiggy and the Wiggy 69. Each package is placed on two extreme ends, one with a very low speed and the other with a significantly higher but also higher price tag. (www. p1. com. my, 2009) There is currently no package catering to the in between market—those who do not mind paying a bit more and getting a slightly higher speed than that offered by Wiggy69. Aside from that, the competitor offers a much wider range of packages and some even cater to the â€Å"in between† market. This creates a threat to the P1 also. 6. Marketing Objectives and Strategies: 6. 1 Marketing Objectives a) To increase to 20% P1 WiMAX subscriber in one year. b) To increase 30% of P1 WiMAX awareness among the targeted audience in one year. 7. Marketing Strategies: Ansoft Matrix Market Penetration: price, promotion |Product Development: product | |- special price packages |-R&D in service stability | |- inducing trial use |-packaging of the product | |Market Development-promotion, place |Diversification-distribution: pro duct | |- Increase service availability in F&B outlet |-come out with mobile telecommunication service. |- Increase coverage | | |- Mailing campaign | | 7. 1 Market Penetration: Price †¢ Special price packages-student packages Communicating the benefits to the end-consumer of a product often needs a â€Å"sweetener† to entice the consumer to change their provider or sign up for the first time with a new provider. Adding value and an incentive to purchase to the end-consumer is the main point. The student market for broadband is significant and forms the key demographic of the target market. According to the research that done by P1, the customer â€Å"Top Five Wish List† are: 1. Coverage 2. Embedded devices with attractive bundling and add-on options 3. Higher data cap 4. More affordable portable offerings 5. Direct subscription sign-up online (already addressed by P1 Direct) With student sometimes paying up RM 26. 000 per year on higher tertiary education fees, a mobile internet service that is fast, reliable, portable and most of all, affordable is most attractive. As an incentive for students to sign up to P1 Wimax, an exclusive package deal for â€Å"student only† would include 12-month short-term contract, an improved download speed of up to 10mps, the last month of the 12 month contract would be free-of-charge, premium on offers which include pendrives, mouse pad all bearing the P1 Wimax logo and so on. The design of shorter term contract would be more appealing to students as many students live in a dynamic environment and value their freedom of choice. By making the 12-month contract more attractive the student’s interest will be garnered. Besides that, P1 also can conduct an on campus advertising. On campus advertising is a marketing and media services company specializing in targeting college students on campuses. The concept of advertise in campus is less expensive and can attract more student in the package which are only deal with student. Additionally, the campus media such like campus radio station and website can get the ads get played in order to increase its brand awareness. †¢ Inducing trial use The consumers could be influential in inducing trial use of a new product or service. Companies now allow clients and potential customers to try products and services on a trial basis before purchasing or signing up. By offering a trial offers, it acts as an incentive for prospective consumers, potentially influencing their decision to sign a contract with the company and encourage users of another brand to switch. This method is used in order to demonstrate and promote the stability and speed of P1Wimax. Once the users get a feel of the Wimax technology P1 provides, they will be more easily convinced to make a purchase if they are able to experience a product or service first hand as they will make the judgement on their own. 7. 2 Market Development: promotion, place †¢ Increase Services availability in F&B outlets F&B outlets such as Starbucks and Old Town are selected as it is not only a hang out place but a place where those who wish to surf the net can do so in comfort as food and beverages are served there. It is more convenient than using the cyber cafe and it is also provides a change of atmosphere from surfing the net at home the office or in an educational institution. The F&B franchises are chosen as many people patronize the outlets not only for the food and drinks served but also for the ambience, WiFi services and price. Furthermore, the distribution of these outlets is wide and easily to find. Thus the name and device will always be easily seen, building awareness, reminding the public and creating interest in the Wiggy portable USB modem service. †¢ Increase Coverage In order to increase distribution and availability, P1 could establish relationships with various state governments and communities. Because of the successful partnering with Penang government, the company now can engage the WIMAX-based P1 wireless internet service with other state government. This partnership project not only can increase the brand awareness, but also boost economic capabilities and social education opportunities so that the state can leapfrog the development and growth of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as a whole. †¢ Mailing Campaign It’s important to promote the brand awareness and reputation. This is especially true when economic times are challenging, you’ve got news to announce, or you’re simply hungry for growth. Many forms of promotion are available to the modern designer – with banner ads and Google AdWords among the most popular. In this digital age, it’s easy for web and graphic designers to overlook one of the most effective and fun forms of promotion: the mail campaign. Direct marketing provides with a way to conduct a test of this market relatively quickly, at a reasonable cost, and with convincing certitude. Direct mail can happen fast. With a modest campaign to a known target audience, P1 can acquire a mailing list; develop mailing materials (including direct-mail letter, flier, reply card and so on), launch a mailing and start to receive results in just a few months. This is faster than the typical advertising campaign–and a lot faster than waiting for the phone to ring. Additionally, P1 can test different appeals, called â€Å"offers† in the trade, to reveal the most potent message through direct mail. By making a different offer to randomly different portions of mailing list, P1 can see which offer pulls best. Go with the best puller until find a better draw. As P1 try different offers and different letters, they will find one does better than another. Use the better one, and then try to beat that in the next mailing. Eventually, P1 could get better and better response rates. The mailing campaigns are potent to generate immediate response for advertisers and are also easy to track performance of campaigns. Moreover, P1 can take entrepreneurial achievements far beyond their competitors if they use this campaign correctly. 7. 3 Product Development: product †¢ R&D in service stability Stability is one of the stimuli that create customer retention in telecommunication industry, and it can be one of the most attractive unique selling point attracts more potential customer to subscribe P1 WiMAX internet services. So, R&D on current P1 WiMAX and come out with a more stable service rather than just emphasizing on speed improvement can draw numerous of potential customer from other competitors. More stability, in customer’s mind, means more reliability. †¢ Packaging of the product The modem of P1 is a little big compare to other competitors, it maybe not convenience for whom which are bring along and travel around. In order to attract more customers, the design and the package of the modem should be more stylish and portable. For example, with the environment now furnished with modern, a broadband also can be designed as a necklace which is easy to take and keep. Moreover, it also can be a decoration for girls. 7. 4 Diversification-distribution: product †¢ Come out with mobile telecommunication service P1 can diversify their service into mobile telecommunication service. This is a new, challenging and profitability market for P1 to diversify into it. Although P1 have to bear a high risk for press ahead towards mobile telecommunication service industry since there are already three major players which is Celcom, Maxis and Digi had dominated most of the market shares. However, as every person has to had one mobile phone in this 21th century, mobile telecommunication service is an enormous, long lasting and highly profitability industry to target. In order to penetrate this new market segment, P1 could establish a partnership with Sony Ericsson. Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications is chosen because it’s a global provider of mobile multimedia devices. It is famous and well known. A good relationship with right company can become an essential pull factor for P1 development. 8. 0 Target market and Positioning 8. 1 Target market These new implementation plans targets people who live in urban areas. Whereas Mobile telecommunication service are targeting students who are currently using P1 services 8. 2 Positioning As to coordinate with the new implementation plans P1 should position themselves as an affordable, reliable, and fastest wireless broadband network. For mobile telecommunication service, P1 should position themselves as affordable, reliable and emphasis on joyfulness to communicate with friends and families. ———————– Threat of New Entry: 1. Require enormous capital to enter 2. Telecom License 3. High advertising cost 4. ([email  protected] · A – > ? L M T V W l 2 K L cI µÃ‚ ­Ã‚ ¦Y ¦?  ¦Y ¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦S‚~‚u‚Sn‚~‚e‚n ¦Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ]‘V‚ hCk9hoâ€Å"hCk9ho|w5? hCk9hy^A0J hCk9hy^AhCk9hyWe0Jh? sjh? sU[pic] hCk9hyWe hCk9huo% hCk9h? a hCk9h? hCk9hshCk9hy^A5? 0hCk9hOyk5? B*[pic]CJOJQJaJmHphsH0Skill human resources capital 5. High exit barrier Competitive rivalry: 1. More than 10 ISP 2. New carriers lead to price war 3. Advertising war 4. High customer churn rate Supplier Power: 1. Moderate number of suppliers 2. Able to change Buyer Power: 1. Many Suppliers 2. Seeking for lowest prices but have better services 3. Low switching cost Threat of substitution: 1. High substitution threats from non-traditional telecom industries’ product and services.

The Ultimate Power Struggle: One’s Descent into Immorality

If we must fight, we should put up a damn good one. In my power struggles in the past, either within myself or with others, I realized that when I am in the right I don't back down. I assert my standpoint well and stand firm in what I believe in. All through my childhood, adolescent and adult years, I knew that if I own it, I win it.   The short story, â€Å"Hunters in the Snow† illustrates a complicated power struggle between three friends, who each sink into a sense of immoral conviction as they own up and affirm their weaknesses. The power struggle among the three characters, Tub, Frank and Kenny, is evident all throughout the story. At the beginning of the story we see Kenny, an insensitive man, play a scary joke on Tub by almost running down his friend with the truck. Right away, he shows the reader his dominance over Tub. Frank, on the other hand, treats Tub like a joke, ignoring Tub’s concerns and emphasizing Tub’s obesity as an impediment. With Kenny delightfully participating, he leaves Tub behind in the hike through the snow (Please cite the page number here). Tub meanwhile tries to forgive his friends, and struggles to keep up with their pace. As the story progresses, however, his submissive behavior changes and his struggle for power becomes pronounced when he shoots Kenny and confronts Frank (Please cite the page number here). Wolff’s rich characterization is achieved through skillful narration, in revealing the characters’ personality; and through skillful use of suspense and surprise, in revealing the characters’ actions. Wolff’s characters are so ingeniously shaped and presented that the reader instantly connects with  them.   The power struggle in my friendships with men and with women is in parallel with the story. It is inevitable, in a set of friends, to not acquire a certain reputation; be it a bully, a meddler, a cohort, a confidante. Establishing such an image or a reputation is a dilemma, and a power struggle within the self and with others. The power struggle within oneself is illustrated in the internal conflicts Tub and Frank are experiencing. Tub is lying to himself and to people around him about his weight problem. He appears to be on a strict diet, eating only hard-boiled eggs and celery sticks (Please cite the page number here).   He tells friends that his obesity is a glandular problem, and therefore not within his will to control. Towards the end of the story, however, he admits to Frank that he is lying about this aspect of his health (Please cite the page number here). Frank, on the other hand, is lying to himself and to his family about his pursuit of lust. He twists facts about Roxanne Brewer, the fifteen-year-old babysitter with whom he has an illicit affair. He rationalizes that her age is not an issue, and that there is something special about her that goes beyond the sexual aspect (Please cite the page number here). He cannot readily admit to himself and to Tub that the ultimate reason for the affair is his sexual gratification. Wolff’s use of the narrative voice and of character dialogue is powerful because it accurately illustrates the convictions of each character with merely a line or two. Wolff crafts character dialogue in its best form. While reading the story, I sympathized with the character named Tub a great deal. He reminds me of an old saying that goes â€Å"A lie, when oft repeated, is eventually considered a truth.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Like Tub, I sometimes tell lies to mask embarrassing inadequacies. However,  unlike Tub, my strength lies in recognizing early on, when to stop seeing the lie as a truth. The power struggle between the characters and their circumstance is illustrated in the plot of the story. The three friends find themselves in a dilemma when, after Tub shot Kenny, the long drive to the hospital is difficult to make because of the unfamiliar area. (Please cite the page number here).   Dealing with their own personal circumstance did not help either, with Frank and Tub taking their sweet time to stop by a tavern, and confessing each other’s weaknesses (Please cite the page number here), clearly an action out of place especially when a wounded and bleeding Kenny is waiting in a truck, out in the cold. When Frank and Tub finally proceed with the drive to the hospital, they take a wrong turn (Please cite the page number here), implying that Kenny might not even make it alive to the hospital. Wolff’s narrative voice is powerful in the revelation of the character’s actions and in the unfolding of the story. The last two lines of the   story have a strong impact on the reader: â€Å"†¦He was wrong. They had taken a different turn a long way back† (Please cite the page number here). Figuratively, it depicts the characters’ descent into immoral convictions, with Frank indulging Tub’s gluttony and Tub condoning Frank’s illicit relationship (Please cite the page number here). I sometimes find myself in a power struggle with my personal circumstance. It is during such times that the feeling of helplessness is so oppressive. Tobias Wolff is clearly a skillful storyteller. With his ingenious use of fiction elements and his masterful ease with manipulating the narrative voice, he creates a powerful story that readers such as myself can relate with.   At the same time, Wolff shocks and  enlightens his readers by revealing the foibles of human character. He achieves one purpose of great literature: to deliver insight so that the reader will realize the value of his strengths and experiences, and the dangers of his weaknesses. Part B. Writing about Poetry On the poem, â€Å"Birches† by Robert Frost (Please cite the page number here). The image of bent birches suggests the idea of an entity being ravaged by external forces, such as a human being weighed down by age and its burdens. This image evokes a sad, poignant fact about life: when we age and are constantly weighed down by problems we may end up â€Å"bent†, radically changed. Using birches as a symbol is an effective technique used by the poet, Robert Frost. During its reading, the verses depict two different images: the literal and the figurative; and so the reader is given two separate but related ideas to grasp, and the experience is enlightening. The image of a boy swinging on birch trees suggests the idea of childhood innocence. Lines 26–28 clearly depict so: â€Å"Some boy too far from town to learn baseball / Whose only play was what he found himself / Summer or winter, and could play alone† (Please cite the page number here). The poet is right on target in conveying the message that childhood, unlike adulthood, is innocent and simple. It does not include complex problems that adults are faced with. The reading of the verses is a delight, since it brings back memories of the reader’s own childhood. On the poem, â€Å"On Reading Poems to a Senior Class at South High† by D.C. Berry (Please cite the page number here). The image of water filling the room as is a fresh, new way of depicting the gradual invasion of intellectual discourse in a learning environment. As the persona is discussing a poem to his class, he likens the situation to an aquarium, where the students open up like gills and let him in (lines 13-14, page no.__ ). The use of water as a metaphor for verbal discussion is appropriate and masterful. The image of the persona and his students swimming around the room, â€Å"like thirty tails whacking words† (lines 16-17, page no.__ ) conveys the idea of a loud, intense activity such as a lively discussion of poems.   The poet, D.C. Berry, successfully concretizes an abstract idea by his use of this imagery. He succeeds in making the poem a delightful read, and introducing a fresh concept to his readers. This poem is a fresh new way of looking at class discussions or poetry readings. It is remarkable how one poem can introduce a reader into seeing an idea in another point of view. On the poem, â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen (Please cite the page number here). The most memorable and haunting images in this poem can be found in lines 17-24 (Please cite the page number here). The images convey the idea of death in its violent form. White eyes writhing, blood gargling, sores on tongues (lines 19-24, page no.__ ) are perfect images for this poem that depicts the real, raw situation of soldiers at war. The reader gets a sense of distaste for the concept that it is sweet and becoming to die for  one’s country. The images portray a death so violent it is far from being sweet. The author uses imagery and tone to convey his message to his readers. As a result, it is as if the persona himself takes the readers by the hand and shows them the ghastly conditions of war. This poem offers a vivid vicarious experience and the realization that the effect of war is rarely glorious, especially to those who experience it first hand. Part C. Writing about Poetry On the poem, â€Å"The Unknown Citizen† by W.H. Auden (Please cite the page number here). This satire ridicules the life of the unknown citizen, a life so average that it is perfectly in conformation to the expectations of society. Auden’s use of satirical humor is exemplified by his persona supposedly praising the average conformist, but really putting this conformist in ridule. The title alone is satirical; the conformist, ideal citizen is nameless, he is unknown despite the fact that he did everything right in his life. Instead, he is reduced into a code, JS/07 M 378, conveying the message that this person is treated as a statistical datum, and nothing more. Further, the use of certain departments, like the Bureau of Statistics (line 1) or Producers Research (line 18) that affirms the good qualities of the citizen is also satirical. If the unknown citizen led an insignificant life, why does he need to be investigated? This satire is an important, effective comment on the treatment of individuals in modern society. It is very effective in conveying the idea of man’s loss of his personal identity. The examples of irony in this poem include the title itself, â€Å"the unknown citizen.† He is insignificant and yet the state praises his insignificant existence. In addition, although he led a boring, conformed life, the state chose to investigate and examine his affairs. W.H. Auden cleverly used these ironic elements to reveal the absurdity of conformity He reveals this idea to the readers in a humorous satire using irony, so that readers relate to the poem well. This poem effectively communicates the ridiculous concept of uniformity in society. The feeling of outrage, however, is tempered by satirical humor, an interesting delightful mix. For this literary achievement, Auden deserves to be sincerely lauded. The reduction of human beings into mere numbers or statistics shows an insensitive, inhuman society. Uniformity is good for inanimate objects, but not for living, breathing, feeling individuals who are each so unique. I have always viewed conformity as a negative factor in living a healthy life. This poem re-affirmed my strong belief that there is strength in being different. To have people of varied backgrounds, intellect, convictions, and lifestyle in a society is to allow people to be free; free to be themselves, free from the shackles of conformity. However, I have to admit that I have a quality in common with the unknown citizen. I am a conformist up to the point of abiding the law. Our similarity, however, stops there. I rage against absurd uniformity, and for this, unlike the unknown citizen, I know that I am perfectly happy and free.

Metals and corronslon Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Metals and corronslon - Lab Report Example Metals react with acids to give the metal salt and water. The purpose of this experiment is the determination of the different properties of metals. The properties determined include conductivity, hardiness, and Brittleness. Also, the ability of copper, iron and brass to resist corrosion was investigated in this experiment. All the three metals were placed in three different open beakers containing tap water and left there for 3 days. After the tree days, it the changes in the physical appearance of the metal was observed and recorded When one end of the three metals were heated and time taken for the heat to be transfred from the end being heated to the other opposite end taken, it was found that it was faster in copper than in iron and brass. From the experiment, it can be determined that iron and brass are prone to corrosion as compared to copper. Also, comparison of the brittleness of the three indicates that iron is more brittle as compared to copper and brass. The alloy of copper and iron, brass is harder than the pure metals. From the experiment, it can be concluded that copper metal is a good conductor of heat, iron is more brittle and brass is harder. Also, it can be conclude that, substances containing iron are more prone to corrosion as compared to substance lacking iron. This due to the presence of iron II Oxide that is converted to iron III Oxide which is the rust that causes

Canadas Retail Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Canadas Retail Sector - Essay Example The retail sector currently plays a vital role in Canada’s marketplace. During the 2009 recession, the retail sector experienced a fall in demand. However, in 2006-2012, sales increased by 17%. The total retail sales in 2013 amounted to 482 billion, which was slightly below the predicted sales of $483 billion. The projection of 2014 sales has been placed at 493 billion. The Canadian government regulations are working towards ensuring that businesses are able to negotiate contract agreements amongst themselves. Retail business holiday rules and regulations in Canada vary from one province to another. Therefore, retailers need to review retail business holiday regulations in their areas. For instance, there are no laws preventing retailers from opening in Alberta, but in New Brunswick, most retailers are not allowed to open during Holidays. Canada hosts several multinational retailers operating such as Reebok, Wal-Mart, Daiei (a Japanese company), and K-Mart, which is an Austral ian corporation among others.

Dynamism in Precolonial African Society Research Paper - 1

Dynamism in Precolonial African Society - Research Paper Example This essay declares that the societies of Africa, thrust into democratic setups, have been unable to function as smoothly as they did under indigenous forms of governance. This is not to suggest that democracy is not a workable form of governance in Africa. However, the transition was not effected in a very scientific manner and there was a great resistance from the ancient forms of social structuring. The power and dynamism of these social orders can be seen in the resistance to sudden and imposed change that they offer. The tribal forms of governance in African societies were in many ways, examples of a smooth and efficient from of democracy. While they were not completely democratic by any stretch of imagination, they did offer certain strengths to women and marginalized sections of the society in ways that Western society never has. They also offered means of redressal for people who had been wronged in ways that were quick and efficient. In many colonized societies a quick and s mooth system of justice was often replaced by Western systems of law that failed to work as effectively in these societies. They were unable to dispense justice in quick and efficient ways. This paper makes a conclusion that Africa has been referred to as the ‘dark continent’. This epithet has obviously racist connotations. It also designates the continent as one which was always ignorant of civilized ways of being. The dynamic and robust structuring of precolonial African societies belies these views.

Audit of School Community Resources and Supports Assignment

Audit of School Community Resources and Supports - Assignment Example This makes the school administration to document the resources that it has and identify the gaps and weaknesses. Using this information, it can devise viable ways through which it can source for important resources. It is against this background that this paper provides an audit of the school in light of the community services and supports. To ensure a coherent consideration, it analyses the relative strengths and gaps in a bid to underscore the extent of these inconsistencies to the performance of the school and improvement of student behavior. Activities Conducted During the Audit The researcher spoke to about 50 individuals to determine the type of resources and support systems that were in place as well as their importance to the school. This also sought to determine the resources that were missing and what would be done to ensure that they are sourced. Further, the researcher interviewed the students to determine the manner in which they benefit from the available resources. The interviews were aimed at establishing whether the students are comfortable with the available resources and what they think should be done to improve performance. The researcher then spoke with the key stakeholders in the industry and specifically, those that were directly involved in the support system. These ranged from the school administrators such as the superintendants, teachers, chief academic officers, parents and a host of other education officials. Further, the researcher conducted a survey of the fifth grade students to determine whether they feel both physically and emotionally supported, safe, challenged or connected. Underlying efforts in this regard were also geared towards underscoring the nature of the learning environment and to what extent it encourages, inhibits or and supports social responsibility. Finally, the researcher reviewed the reports that had been previously made regarding the current support systems, their impacts on the behavioral wellbeing of the s tudents as well as their contribution to the academic performance of the students. The preceding activities had insightful views about the state of the support system and its contribution and influence on the overall performance of the students. They identified the support systems and services currently available and those that are missing. Most importantly, the findings underscored the strengths and weaknesses of each. At this point, it is worth noting that the preceding information is vitally important. Essentially, Scott and Hunter (2001) assert that it would act as a basement upon which critical decisions would be made. In particular, it would be important to positively emphasize the strength and eliminate or discourage the weaknesses. This way, the support systems and services would yield desirable outcomes. Critique of Strengths and Gaps One of the strengths that the institution has pertains to the active parent involvement in the education of the students. In this regard, the parents are well informed about their roles in the learning process. They attend all the meetings that are geared towards addressing the challenges that the students face. In addition, there is a cordial relationship between the teachers and the parents. In this respect, Lawson and Sailor (2000) assert that active involvement of the parent in the life of the student enables the former to understand the challenges being faced by the

Compare and Contrast the role of trade unions in Sweden and the UK Essay

Compare and Contrast the role of trade unions in Sweden and the UK - Essay Example Negotiations on wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules of hiring and firing, promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety, working condition, policies and other crucial elements of the work are made possible through the intervention of the trade unions. The most important function of trade unions is the maintenance and improvement of the conditions of employment and they have various goals and activities. They include the provisions of the benefits to the members, collective bargaining, industrial actions like strikes and resistance, and political activities. The traces of trade unions date as long back as the early 18th century. The changes in the system began to take place in the Western nations, especially in Britain, where there was a transformation in the industrial culture as a result of industrial revolution and related activities. With the advent of industrialisation, the vitality of the trade unions also increased. There are many conditions that make the trade unions affect the decision making and policy framing of the Human Resource Management in the modern context. The primary purpose of the trade unions is to safeguard the interest of the employees and the HR management is very much conscious of the relationship with the employees. Thus, the interest of the trade unions and that of the management departments of modern employment firms collide. Here, the role of the management firm is one of merging the interest of the trade unions with the development of the company and going ahead with policies that contribute to the growth of the firm without affecting the employees’ interest. This type of employment management varies from country to country where the role of the trade unions also differs. The special context of Sweden, where the socialists want to have the full employment and equality of the employees, is different from that of the UK. In the UK, the management of the employment w as made much easier

Analysing Sport & Events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysing Sport & Events - Essay Example Finally, it provides a detailed examination of the key findings in each article and evaluates the findings whether they agree and the implications of such findings. The articles cover broadly the importance roles played by sponsorship as an activity for the firms to gain and develop the sustainable relative advantage in the target market and provide the theoretical framework based on the sports sponsorship. Amis, Pant, and Slack provide a theoretical framework for understanding the idea of the sport sponsorship; they explain the application of the sponsorship approach and demonstrates the insight illustrated cases that are used to identify the salient facts and the characteristic that are in agreement. The central concepts that are discussed are heterogeneity, imperfect imitability, imperfect mobility, ex-ante limits to competition and their application of the framework to examine the major sponsorships (Amis, Pant & Slack, 1997). In addition, exponential growth accruals, development of sponsorship-linked marketing and RBV of the firm (Fahy, Ferrelly & Quester, 2004) and sponsorship as a resource as well as distinctive competencies ( Amis, Slack & Berrett, 1999). The insubstantial nature of the sponsorship value which emphasize on the ability to generate importance from the relationship in terms of management of the sponsorship (Farrelly, Quester &Buron , 2006). Heterogeneity occurs when the high numbers and the combination of the resources that are at the disposal of the firms render exact replication of the available resources. Besides that, it occurs in the case in which the firms use the differing routines and procedural steps to carry and perform the same task basing their direct consequences on the unique histories that dictate them to institutionalize. This allows particular organizations to produce the same products and the services at a relatively lower cost as compared to others that produce the same products and services

Discussion About Genetically Modified Foods Essay Example for Free

Discussion About Genetically Modified Foods Essay Genetically modified foods: Beneficial views Adverse views a. What is the possible risk for genetically modified crops considering nutrition and health? b. Whether the economic effects are the most important? c. Will it bring severe environment problems? III. Arguments for beneficial effects of GM foods a. Firstly, transgenic technology has made considerable progress in food applications. b. Transgenic food has successfully lowered food prices and ensured food safety. c. GM foods significantly reduce the environmental impact of agriculture. Introduction The author, Magana-Gomez, critically analyzed the risk assessment methods of transgenic food for human nutrition and health in the paper, â€Å"Risk assessment of genetically modified crops for nutrition and health†. Magana reviewed various modes including different feeding period, animal modes and parameters in the paper published in 2011 by Nutrition Reviews (Magana G, 2009). In consistent with his studies, negative effects of GM food were identified â€Å"at molecular and microscopic levels†. However, with our entry into the 21st century, genetically modified foods have undergone even faster development. However, there are also many doubts about the safety of genetically modified foods. Therefore, genetically modified foods have become a hot topic issue. Personally, although there are many controversies about GM food, I still insist on the research and promotion of transgenic food due to its diverse benefits. Views According to Curieux-Belfond CL, he could identify the factors that deserve consideration before â€Å"commercialization and promotion of transgenic food† (182). In this paper, â€Å"Factors to condider before production and commercialization of aquatic genetically modified organisms: the case of transgenic salmon†, the author took transgenic salmon as an example, in which Curieux-Belfond examined the corresponding impacts in terms of aquaculture, wildlife, ecosystem and human health. The paper published in 2011 by Evironmental Science Policy suggested that GM food undoubtedly contributed to economic benefits without exerting too much extra burden (Curieux B, 2009). In the end, the author believed that the benefits of genetically modified foods far outweigh the disadvantages. Analysis of the benefits of genetically modified foods Magana’s argument is persuasive when he assessed the risks about GM food. However, since genetic engineering techniques have successfully transferred anti-viral, insect resistance, cold resistance and other genes to cotton, wheat, tomatoes and other plants, we can get stable new varieties of genetically modified, with low production cost and high-yield food, which will ease the world food shortage and reduce the use of pesticides to a large extent. Based on the above reasons, I will provide a critical analysis with the following specific examples which show his argument is partially wrong. Firstly, transgenic technology has also made considerable progress in animal food applications. At present, a variety of mammal and bird genes are successfully integrated into the genome of fish, which can significantly enhance transgenic fish muscle protein content and improve growth speed. With the development of genetic engineering technology, people have been freed from natural enzymes to a large extent. Especially when the enzyme obtained from natural protein material encounters difficulties, genetic engineering has the unique advantages of natural gene cloning (Seralini GE, 2011). Thus, it can be highly expressed in microorganisms with mass production by fermentation. At present, the transgenic enzymes are widely used in the food industry, such as maltose enzymes amylase, pectinase and the juice protease. The food nutritional quality modified by genetic engineering has also made remarkable achievements. For instance, the genetic engineering technology has been applied for seed protein improvement, which renders it possible to change the plant composition and amino acid content. Secondly, transgenic food has successfully lowered food prices and ensured food safety, which helps increase production and food supply while reducing the farm labor and pesticide applications, agricultural inputs and production costs (Weasel LH, 2009). In the future, GM crops have great potential in solving the food crisis. For instance, by applying transgenic technology to the human staple foods of rice and wheat, people can increase food production and improve nutritional quality, which will provide mankind with higher-quality food. Furthermore, GM foods have also proved effective in alleviating poverty and hunger. The world’s poorest 50% of the population are small and resource-poor farmers, while 20% living in rural areas without their own land actually depend on agriculture. Therefore, the increase in small-scale and resource-poor farmers’ income will directly assist 70% of the world’s poorest people (Curieux-Belfond O, 2009). So far, genetically modified cotton in India, China and South Africa have already made a significant contribution to more than 1. 2 million poor farmers’ income. The benefits of genetically modified corn in the Philippines and South Africa will be much clearer in the future. In addition, genetically modified rice has great potential to benefit 250 million poor families in Asia, whose benefits will reach 10 million people (Curieux-Belfond O, 2009). Transgenic food also helps to reduce land development. Transgenic technology has been developed to improve the current 1. billion hectares of arable land productivity through conservation of biological resources, thereby reducing land development and deforestation. Thirdly, I will demonstrate such improvement since they significantly reduce the environmental impact of agriculture. Traditional agriculture has a significant impact on the environment, and transgenic biotechnology can help reduce this impact. In the first decade of appli cation of genetically modified crops, by planting herbicide and insect-resistant characteristics, transgenic technologies have greatly reduced the use of pesticides, saved fossil fuels and reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Undoubtedly, genetically modified crops with drought-tolerant genes will improve water-use efficiency and maintain sustainable agricultural development, which will play an important role in easing the crisis of population growth and global food shortage (Artemis D, 2009). GM crops have also contributed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in two main ways, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and helping slow climate change. First, by reducing fuel use, the spraying of insecticides and herbicides, GM crops continue to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In 2007, genetic engineering has been stated to reduce 1. billion kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions, which is equivalent to a decrease of 50 million cars from the road. Secondly, herbicide-resistant GM crops help reduce tillage applications, which protects the land and enhances soil carbon sequestration. Conclusions Despite the many advantages of GM food, we cannot ignore the risks. After genetically modified foods have been taken into th e human body, they may cause harm to human health. Moreover, after a large number of transgenic crops come into nature, they may be biologically harmful to ecosystems. Since the risks of GM food is serous, it is important for us to reflect on it first. Any of the scientific and technological developments should be comprehensive and provide well-being for human life. If genetically modified foods can only increase our economic interests and improved material life without the moral, social and environmental harmony, they cannot be defined as making great contribution to social development. Therefore, whether GM food is a benefit or a disadvantage really depends on what kind of human values people hold (Qaim M. 2009). That is the question we reflect on deeply. In contemporary society, with the rapid development of science and technology, the economic situation of the human and the material standard of living has been soaring. It seems that mankind is taking great proud for the advanced technology. However, we should look back to what the living environment we rely on is subjected to. Therefore, genetically modified foods are seen as the savior of mankind, which is actually human self-centered ideology. Of course, with the continuous development of biotechnology and genetic engineering, human beings have the ability to create more genetically modified food.

Social Worker Self Reflection Paper Social Work Essay

Social Worker Self Reflection Paper Social Work Essay As a qualified social worker, we need to hold the belief that people can change, especially when we work with the clients who have committed to some kinds of deviant behaviors. As a student who has received professional social work training for more than four years, I think most of the clients have the ability to alter to a better condition for themselves. However, I am not sure when it comes to pathological gamblers. Effected by my past experience, it is hard for me to trust a person who addicts to gambling. How I will react if there is one day I have to face to a client who is a pathological gambler? I am quite uncertain about that. Who is pathological gambler? The DSM-III (the third edition of the codebook of mental disorders) includes PG for the first time as an impulsive disorder (à lvarez-Moya; Jimà ©nez-Murcia; Neus Aymamà ­; Gà ³mez-Peà ±a, 2010).The original definition if pathological gambling stated the person is chronically and progressively unable to resist impulses to gamble (as cited by Ciarrocchi from American Psychiatric Association, 1980). According to this definition, pathological gambler (PG) refers to the people who has involved in gambling for a long time. Besides, their gambling behavior has become more and more severe but they refuse to quit gambling. Blaszczynski and Nower (2002) proposed the Pathways model as an etiological framework for understanding PG (as cited by Ledgerwood and Petry, 2010). According to this model, three subtypes of pathological gamblers exist: behaviorally conditioned, emotionally vulnerable, and antisocial impulsive. The reasons behind pathological gambling are various. Take behaviorally conditioned one as an example. People engage into gambling because of long period expose to gambling games. If most of friends or relatives addict into gambling, it is more likely for that person to participate in the same games, because his or her behavior is triggered and then maintained by the surroundings. Besides, grief emotion or suffering great loss may also lead to problematic gambling. Many PGs participate in gambling games in order to escape from sad mood or release stress. Moreover, somebody tries to pursue excited feelings by engaged in big wins and chasing loses games. As a result, PGs tend to lose more than before. We can often hear that one gambler lost all of his or her money, estates as well as families. Besides, problematic gambling also contributes to other social problem, such as domestic violence, robbery, theft, suicide and so on. Pathological gambling attracts broad attention in the recent years. Social worker may encounter with PG in many circumstances, no matter in doing case work, group work or community work. For instance, when a battered woman comes for seeking help, we need to elicit the reason behind her husbands abuse behavior. In some domestic violence cases, the abuser has problem gambling behavior. Solving the problematic behavior then becomes the workers initial task. We may not cope with PG directly since referring to another professional clinical social worker is needed for the clients with severe problems. However, it is inevitable for us to face with such kind of clients. Why PGs? I never doubt whether a person is able to change. I believe a drug abuser can quit drugs if he or she realizes the harm that drugs done to his or her body. I believe a man can stop violence to his family members when he learns to know how to manage his temper after cognitive behavior treatment or any other therapies. I believe a juvenile delinquency can clean up his or her act and begin his or her new life after receiving punishment by law and guiding by youth social worker. However, it is still hard for me to believe a PG can give up gambling forever. Unlike other types of addicts, there is no substance that stimulates gamblers emotion or feeling. From my point of view, all the problematic gambling behaviors are triggered by instinct, which cannot be changed by outer power. When I am preparing this term paper, I do self-introspection by myself. Indeed, similar to other social workers who encounter with counter transference, I am affected by my own experience. My aunt plays the lead in my story. My father had a big brother who died from a traffic accident in 1994. He left a large amount of heritage for my aunt as well as his two daughters. My aunt, a middle-aged housewife, starts her gambling life after the death of my uncle. At first, all of my family members including my grandparents thought she participated in gambling games just because she wanted to escape from the sadness. Besides, there is an old saying in Chinese little gambling can be entertainment. The whole family believed she just gambled for fun. As a result, nobody tried to impede her gambling action until one day she came to my home to borrow money from my father. She said she planned to open a grocery shop so that she could afford the life expenses for her as well as my two cousins. We were happy to see she could recover from sorrow and started new life again so my father and other uncles tried their best to support her. The grocery shop opened eventually; however, it was t he beginning of the nightmare. She rarely stayed in her shop and we heard the rumors about her from our relatives. They saw my aunt appear in the most famous local casino and lose numerous of money. When we confirmed with her, she denied. However, finally she lost her shop and was in heavy debt which was estimated about two million. Faced with accusing from family members, she came to my grandparents home, asked for forgive and swore she would never gamble any more. To our disappointed, she violated her vow over and over again. Every time after we know she engages in gambling game again, she will conduct her drama once by showing us how much determination she has made for quit gambling behavior. To our disappointed, her promise is provide nothing eventually. She still visits casino frequently until now, despite that she has really burdened a lot of debts. I know she has ever tried to get rid of gambling behavior, but all the trials are failed in the end. My two cousins, who should have been enjoying their marriage life, have to work harder to pay back the debt for their mother. My grandparent, who should have been enjoying their retired life, is troubled by my aunts gambling behavior and finally my grandpa died with regret. It may unfair for my aunt if I contribute the entire fault to her; nonetheless, she is the initiator of the evil. As a consequence, I lost the confidence on the gambler. By witnessing how my aunt indulges into gambling activities time and time again, I do not attach any extravagant hope to problematic gamblers. My aunt tried to make use of every possible means to get money and found every possible excuse to cover what she has done. I cannot believe one person can be so bad! In the first second, she swears she will never gamble again; the next second, she shows up on casino. When I called my grandma last week, she told me that my aunt participate in gambling again. Being a potential social worker, I may have to face all kinds of clients in the future. If I have to handle with a PG some day, I will out of my wit for sure. Because in my opinion, it is impossible for a PG to stop gambling, I cannot get start my work at all. Referring to another social worker should be a good idea, but I am afraid my stereotype towards PGs will still affect my professional practice unavoidably. In fact, after finished my presentation, I know what my problem is. If one day I show uncertain and suspect to my client who is PG, it means counter transference happens on me. The more contemporary view of counter transference is that the professionals reactions, real and unreal, to a client can occur irrespective of origin and can be based on their own past or present experience or client characteristics (James, 2008).Fortunately, I know how to introspect my feeling though my presentation. By self-reflection, I am aware that I lose the confidence on PGs because of my unsolved problems. I am the youngest one in the whole family. My grandparent and parent are always trying to protect me from the possibilities that may do harm to me. Although they tried their best to present me with a harmony picture of the family, I know more and more things when I grow up. I want to share the burden with my parent but I am too young to do anything. My helplessness makes me feel that I am not eligibl e to work with problematic gamblers. Actually, I lose the confidence on myself not on the PGs. What to do next? Just as Hepworth et al.(2010) mention in their book: introspection and self-assessment, as well as the ability to maintain appropriate boundaries and distance, will assess you to achieve or regain a realistic perspective on your relationships with clients. I cannot wait until one day counter transference really occurs then do I take introspection. Hence, I plan to take the following methods to cope with my problems: Trying to understand the reasons for PGs should be the first step. In fact, before I get start to write this paper, I already changed some of my perception about PGs because of literature review. After reading many dissertations and books, I begin to know the reason behind such behavior are complicated and various. People get addicted into gambling are not just for fun. Some of them want to escape from cruel reality by gambling games. Once engaged into gambling games, they can forget the troubles for a while. Apart from that, other gamblers may find gambling can be an effective stress reliever. They can release their anger, their workload, their family burden as well as other emotion that cannot erupt when they are at gambling desk. Secondly, I have to get start to solve my unsolved problem. I am not a little innocent girl any longer. It is necessary and possible for me to discuss my aunts gambling problem with my family members. Although I am not sure if I can help her or not and there is little clinical social service for PGs in mainland China, I still want to try. At least, I need to solve my own problem first and to make sure it will not have influence on my professional practice in the future. Knowing my aunts problems from all of the dimensions may help me to understand more about her. On the other hand, I hope I can share what I have learned from class with my family members so that they will know how to cope with my aunt in a better way. Thirdly, I will pay more attention to the part about how to deal with addicts while in the MSW program. Since I know my irrational emotion is mainly caused by my unhappy experience, I should equip myself to be qualified social worker so that one day I may be able to assess the PG to get rid of problematic gambling. I need to do continuously self assessment before I go into fieldwork. Only by realizing my disadvantage can I know where I should improve. Last but not least, I will discuss with my classmates when I feel uncomfortable with the relative cases. I can learn from other peoples views and may know how to change my stereotype. Furthermore, I may consult supervisor when it is necessary. I believe as a experienced social worker, my supervisor will give me some applicable suggestions and guide me to cope with the problem properly.

Relationship Between Obesity and Socioeconomic Demographics

Relationship Between Obesity and Socioeconomic Demographics Chapter Five: Discussion The prevalence as well as the severity of obesity in adolescents is increasing at an alarming rate, making it one of the most serious health problems affecting this age group. In this study, a total of 161 adolescents (15.6%) were overweight and 224 ones(21.6%) were obese. A study conducted by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2000) showed thatapproximately 30% of adolescents were at risk for overweight and 14% were severely overweight or obese (Troiano and Flegal, 1999). In this study, the prevalence of overfat was 9.1% and obesity was 21.8%. A study conducted by Lee ea al. (2006) showed thatthe prevalence of total 555 adolescentboys were overfat (20.4%) and 8.3% were obese. In our study, prevalence of obese adolescents, according to both BMI and total fat, was higher than overweight;this could be attributed to high rate of fast food consumption among adolescents 72%. Fraser et al. (2012) conducted a study in the United Kingdom and observed anassociation between obese adolescents and fat food consumption. The prevalence of waist circumferences≠¥90th percentile in this study was 9.4%. This is consistent with Spain’s result, prevalence of waist circumferences≠¥90th percentile among adolescents was 11.6% (Schr à ¶der et al., 2014). Association between anthropometric measurements and socio-demographic characteristics: In our study, the BMI was significantly related to family income (p=0.004). About 25.7% of obese adolescents had families whose income was >800 JD after adjusting variables effects of results including age, smoking and physical activity. Shafaghiet al. (2014) studied the relationship between BMI and family income, 22.4% of obese adolescents were from families whose income was high. Total fat was significantly associated with adolescents age (p= 0.027). Adolescents aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years old were more predictable to have high fat percentage (25.6%) than adolescents aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years (18.9%).This finding was consistent with Northstoneet al. (2014). In our study, total fat was related to family income significantly (p=0.022). Kubiket al. (2003) conducted a study of 844 students; the study showed that students with high family income tended to consume sweetened beverages and high-fat snacks. Region affected significantly total fat among adolescents (p=0.049). The prevalence of obese adolescents were higher in middle area than north and south areas; that could be attributed to high fast food intake in middle area (48.2%) comparing to north and south areas (35.3% and 16.6%respectively). Limited data to explain relation between body fat content with father’s and mother’s education. Trunk fat was significantly associated with adolescents age (p= 0.027). Adolescents aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years old were more predictable to have high trunk fat (15.4%) than adolescents aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years (10.8%). Fox et al. (2000) reported thatadolescents aged 11- 13 years were associated with high trunk fat using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Association between blood pressure and socio-demographic characteristics: Blood pressure was significantly related to adolescents’ age (p0.01).This relation showed that 35.7% of adolescents aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years had stage 2 HT compared to only 20.3% among adolescents aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years old had stage 2 HT. Mouraet al. (2004) concluded a study on 898 adolescents,prevalence of elevated blood pressure in students aged ≠¥ 15 and ≠¤17 years was more than students aged ≠¥12 and ≠¤14 years. Effect of food categories on the prevalence of blood pressure among adolescents: Fruit and vegetables consumption were significantly related to blood pressure (p=0.008 and p=0.033 respectively). This finding was consistent with the findings of studies (Whelton et al., 1997, Whelton et al., 2005, Appel et al., 2006, Witham et al., 2009). Apple et al. (2006) studied the contents offruit and vegetables from vitamins, minerals and fibers. Fruits and vegetablesalso contained potassium;their increase in potassium intake was associated with significantly reduction in blood pressure. The increase in potassium intake had same lowering effect on blood pressure as decrease in sodium intake. Potassium had a major role in balancing out the negative effects of sodium. Wheltonet al. (1997) recommended potassium for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Increasing serum levels of vitamins A, C, E (Appel et al., 2006)and D (Witham et al., 2009)were associated with lowering blood pressure. Meta-analysis suggested that increasing the dietary fiber intake had a lowering effect o n blood pressure (Whelton et al., 2005).According to this study, chocolate was significantly related to blood pressure (p=0.013). Studies explained chocolate’s role to lower blood pressure (Fisher and Hollenberg, 2006, Karim et al., 2000, Taubert et al., 2007). Chocolate contained cocoa that include polyphenols specially flavanols. Strong effects of flavnols on blood pressure as a vasodilator were applied by increasing the formation of endothelial nitric oxide. Families’ health status effect on adolescent’s blood pressure: Father’s and mother’s health status was significantly associated with blood pressure in adolescent (p=0.002, p=0.022 respectively). Many studies (Din-Dzietham et al., 2007, Dasgupta et al., 2006, Martin et al., 2004) confirmed that family history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease were risk factors for elevated blood pressure among adolescents. Family history of obesity including fathers’ and siblings’ obesity was significant with adolescents’blood pressure (p=0.004 and p=0.048respectively).Falkner.(2010) reported a positive relation between blood pressure among adolescents and family history of obesity. Association between blood pressure and anthropometric measurements: Alton. (2005) considered hypertension one of obesity risk factors. Lu et al. (2013) conducted a study in China, and found out that the risk of elevated blood pressure prevalence was 1.5 folds in overweight children and was 2.2 folds in obese children. High BMI increased the risk of insulin resistance. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation led to elevated blood pressure mediated bythe increase sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity (Tsioufis et al., 2011, Poirier et al., 2006). Our findings confirmed previous findings of high odds of stage 1 systolic hypertension among overweight adolescents 1.8 folds and 2.7 folds in obese adolescents, adjusting for confounding variables -age, smoking status and physical activity. Our result observed that adolescents with waist circumferences ≠¥90th percentile proportionally related to increase in blood pressure.Lu et al. (2013) reported a high significant association (p Increase in total body fat in our study was significant with increase in blood pressure proportionally. Pre-HTN, stage 1 HTN and stage 2 HTN were significant (p=0.009,p=0.004 and pet al. (2002)used DEXA and skinfolds to estimate total body fat and it’s relation asa predictor for blood pressure among adolescentboys unlike girls. Landsberg et al. (2013) explained that pathophysiology of fat accumulation in abdominal region led to an increase in blood pressure by increases in insulin secretion, (SNS) activity, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity, angiotensinogen from intra-abdominal adipocytes, aldosterone production and renal sodium reabsorption. Our findings confirmed previous findings of high odds of stage1 systolic hypertension among adolescents with trunk fat ≠¥90th percentile had 4 times higher odds of having stage 1 systolic hypertension (CI 2.2, 7.1) and 5.5 higher odds of having stage 2 systolic hypertension (CI 3.4, 9.1). An association between adolescents visceral fat with blood pressure was observed among boys contrary girls (Pausova et al., 2012).Matsuzawa et al.(1995) explained increase that the in visceral fat to induce high level of free fatty acid excretion in liver via portal circulation after lipogenesis and lipolysis activity, gluconeogenesis, lipid synthesis and insulin resistance were response actions causedby excusive free fatty acid to induce hypertension and eventually atherosclerosis.Our results confirmed previous findings of high odds of stage 2 systolic hypertension among adolescents with visceral fat ≠¥90th percentile by 7.2 folds. Conclusion: The prevalence of total, truncal and visceral fat in our study were high. Excessfat,especially visceral fat significantly increased the risk for systolic blood pressure individually in older adolescents. The physiological relation between obesity and hypertension could not be attributed to a single factor. Factors that minimized the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system and renal sodium excretion had to be controlled, primarily the factors caused by excess fat. This finding based on measures of fat distribution and blood pressure in adolescent boys is important to help tracks cardiovascular risks from adolescence to adulthood. Strength of the Study This research has been conducted for the first time in Jordan to explain the prevalence and relationship between adolescents’ blood pressure and fat distribution. The study depends on data collected from a large sample that is representative to Jordan as a whole. Limitation of the Study An addition of a 24-hour recall form with this study combined with study’s FFQ could be more precise to estimate dietary and lifestyle habits among adolescents. Recommendations: Serious policies and actions for the sake of prevention, control weight and body fat specially as risks for elevated blood pressure, should be taken to apply an appropriate intervention on affected adolescents. Raise the schools’ role is for mass public enlightenment and health education on the threats of some nutritional behavior and lifestyle.

Flesh-eating Bacteria Essays -- essays research papers

Some call it “horror'; and some call it “the super germ';, but now, our always known “regular'; bacteria, those one-celled creatures once considered under control with antibiotics, have invaded our hospitals and headlines with a vengeance. The vengeance used against us is caused by an existing organism called necrotizing fasciitis, the so-called flesh-eating bacteria, caused by Group A streptococcus. What this organism does is progressively destroy the human body tissue all the way to the bone. This organism has amazingly outsmarted us of even our most potent drugs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In our community right now, medical researchers are testing antibiotics that may have chemicals to disable the resistance of this organism. But while research continues, it is vital to be aware of how these deadly germs spread and what we can do to prevent them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Long before humans discovered antibiotics, they existed in nature. So naturally, after penicillin was introduced, some germs were already naturally resistant to the drug. As we used more and more of the antibiotics, we incidentally caused drug-resistant germs to progress. So, even if you’ve never misused antibiotics, you could still become infected by bacterium most drugs won’t kill. For each drug, there are germs genetically programmed to survive- some w/ outer walls tough for antibiotic to cross, others with ways to dump the drugs back out before they can work, and yet others can inactivate the antibiotic. Even worse, by passing tiny packets of genetic material to other bacteria, these survivor germs sometimes also pass the formula for resistance to the other bacteria. The best way you can protect yourself and your family against drug-resistant bacteria is by using antibiotics correctly. Taking them when they’re not needed encourages the takeov er of drug-resistant strains in your body. (Redbook, pg.95) That’s because when antibiotics are given, the normal bacteria in your body are killed off, leaving lots of bacterial “parking spaces'; open. And the germ left to fill them is the drug-resistant ones. (Redbook, pg.95)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So far, antibiotic resistance has not been a big problem with streptococcus A, the germ familiar to all of us for causing millions of cases of strep thr... ...k two nurses to change the dressing- one to lift the folds of skin and the other to pack the wound. Continuing to mark the date and the margins of the wound, Katie’s nurses and doctors were hoping for a survival. Nutritional support at this point was entered via gastrointestinal tubing and by this time Katie was going through major psychological wounds that needed healing as well. Sadly the doctors were not able to prepare Katie to go home. Despite fasciotomy and the surgery, her infection continued aggressively. Her wound after surgery had a foul-smelling drainage, which increased in amount every day. Local cellulitis developed at the IV site on her arm. Just 10 days after the first surgery she underwent a second infection spreading around her hip area. Despite all efforts by Katie and the hospital staff, she died of septic shock and multisystem organ failure after 30 days in intensive treatment. Although flesh-eating disease is always life threatening and in most cases re sults in a fatality, it doesn’t have to have an unhappy ending if you use prompt recognition and go to clinical expertise within the first sign of the disease. Don’t let it get you!

Drama Script :: Papers

Drama Script MRS JOHNSTONE (shouting) - Put that gun down! Please son, please! MICKEY (looking in Mrs Johnstone) - Stay out of this! This is between me and him, alright! MRS JOHNSTONE (tears coming in her eyes) - please forgive him, son! Please EDWARD - Mickey, listen to your mother, she is right. Maybe we can talk this through MICKEY (looking at Edward in the eye) - You took my wife (Linda) away from me, and you want to talk this through. You don’t deserve to live, you bastard! EDWARD - Mickey, please! Put the gun down. MICKEY- Say one more word, and I’ll shoot you MRS JOHNSTONE (on her knees) - No Mickey put that gun down, please! Two policemen run toward the stage unexpectedly. Both of them holding on to a loaded pistol POLICE 1 (loudly) - Put that gun down, place your hand on your head and step away. MRS JOHNSTONE - Mickey, before you do any thing stupid, listen to me! I have something important to say to you. MICKEY- What could be more important, then to see the death of Edward Lyons MRS JOHNSTONE - Don’t shoot him! And listen to me MICKEY - I can shoot that bastard, if I want to. Is not like that bastard, is related to me. MRS JOHNSTONE (weeping slowly) - You can’t shoot Mickey! EDWARD (smiling at Mrs Jonhstone) - And why not! MRS JOHNSTONE - Because he†¦is MICKEY – he is what! MRS JOHNSTONE (on her knees) – he is you brother†¦.. Mickey†¦ he is your twin brother. EDWARD (with a surprised tone) – Is this †¦.true, Mrs Johnstone. Mickey is my twin brother! Mrs Johnstone nods her head slowly and looks at Mickey. MICKEY (with a shock facial expression) – please tell me you are joking! I get it you are lying to me, so I’ll put the gun and not shoot Edward. MRS JOHNSTONE (calmly) – Does it look like, I’m joking.

Beat! Beat! Drum!

Walt Whitman’s poem entitled â€Å"Beat! Beat! Drum† illustrated the fun, laughter, and freedom of the drums. There is no definite location that signifies the aspect of the scenario but it shows happiness and autonomy not only the sound but also the people. The whole poem defines a place where there is a roaring thunder of sounds and beats.The author constructs several symbolic objects and images to describe the situation, feelings or emotions of the persona in the poem. Therefore, it can be said that the drums is a signification of society in this modern world as it shows the fast-pacing abundance of life as the poem discussed.The poem has three parts on it. The first parts discussed the force of the drums as it was heard within the church. It was seen in this part that as the drum beats, the life and happiness of the church become more sustainable and developed. â€Å"BEAT! beat! drums! —Blow! bugles! blow! / Through the windows—through doors—bur st like a ruthless force, / Into the solemn church, and scatter the congregation; / Into the school where the scholar is studying (Whitman 1-4). † The solemnity of the place burst into wilderness as the drums beat as its best. The second part of the poem discussed the crowded street where people are too busy with their lives.â€Å"Over the traffic of cities—over the rumble of wheels in the streets: / Are beds prepared for sleepers at night in the houses? No sleepers must sleep in those beds; / No bargainers’ bargains by day—no brokers or speculators—Would they continue? (9-11). † The society is very busy but as the drums beat, they started clearing pathways and make way to the sounds of the drums. It was seen that the drums is powerful and known within the setting of the poem because it was not treated as simple formation of sounds but a realization of social factors.The third part of the poem discussed the voice of the people. The drums serv e as the voices of the people who asked for forgiveness, strength, and new life. The drums beat for them, the drums is this part signifies the life and ideologies of the society in this modern world. As the drums beat, the people started on mourning and yearning for a new beginning. This part also serves as the resolution of the poem for this became the solution of all the situation of men on earth. After all the things they have done, they will still go back to where they starts and belong.In the first part as well as all throughout the verse, there is no conduction of rhyme and rhythm. It was a free-verse poem that exists in different point of views and attacks. As the poem went on, the stage or level of defining the drums becomes more complex and social based idea. It is for the evidence that the second part of the poem is about the street with the children and the last part was in nature – as the persona described the strength and hardness of the drums in beating the soun ds of life. Work Cited Whitman, Walt. (1900). â€Å"Beat! Beat! Drums! † 13 June 2008. http://www. bartleby. com/142/112. html

Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities

First of all, we need to understand the difference between Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. The terms Gamesmanship (community) and Escalating (society) were derived from a famous sociologist, Toneless, Ferdinand (1855-1936). Modernization Is destroying the close knit communities that are considered Shamelessness and making them more Like a Escalating community (Donovan, 1996, p. 4). Gamesmanship society is a community that is tightly knitted together.They survive on their own resources and are opposed o relying on any type of modernization for help. It is a community that relies completely on each other for survival and support, as a result not needing to rely on the government. By living In their own structure, they are able to control all aspects of life such as religion; schools; medical; and food. Having their own regulated rules, there Is no need for police or Jails. They do not use technology but rely on the earth for their everyday needs.Ralph Salesman (1976) implied t hat it is an established community that allows everyone to share the same beliefs and assets, regardless of heir abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. There were some allowances made for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It Is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how big or small the problem may be. There Is no ridicule or Judgment as everyone Is treated the same and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered Equality and the Concept of Community, p. 7).Escalating is complainingly the same but on a different spectrum. Escalating is considered a community but on a larger level. In his large community, there are many types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Escalating community Is more modernized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different personalities and According to Ben Singer (1996), Escalating derived from Gamesmans hip as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more interested in gaining their own profits removing themselves from the uncompetitive society.As modernization progressed so did the competition between people. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring hat obstacles they had to Jump over or who they hurt in the process to get ahead (Serial Melodrama, p. 78). Both communities are governed by leaders. Leadership occurs at all levels and helps in the aide of organization, Next we have to understand leadership theories and styles. Leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a leader are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, business knowledge.It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may have because they still carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p. 1). These styles are: Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders; Democratic Leader leads by trying to get a consensus ; Expressive Leader is a person who tries to reduce conflict by creating harmony; Instrumental Leader is an individual who tries to keep a group focused on a goal; and lastly, Laissez-fairer Leader which is an individual who is highly permissive (Heinlein, p. 169).By using a hypothesis in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. As the idea that arbitration destroys community has deep roots in sociology. Townies viewed small towns as the model for Gamesmanship. In a Gamesmanship, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community have a common ancestry and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, common activities, and frequent face-to-face relations help to create strong social and emotional bonds.In a Gamesmanship community, people tend to remain what they were born to be. Most individuals live and die in the same small a rea. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Townies concept of Gamesmanship and Escalating, is considered as one of the â€Å"discipline's most enduring and fruitful concepts for studying social change† (Bender, 17 as cited in Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Townies, is dramatically different.It is a Escalating because people are linked together through formal organizations and markets, rather than informal relations and a sense of belonging. Big cities represent Escalating. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day will be strangers and their interactions will be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors come from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes.Nor are they likely to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly spec ialized. These differences can create social distance (Bell, 1973). The different family ties lead too peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of operation and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses mainly on individual goals.The Gamesmanship society achieves pure communities must be fair and in cases when there is money being questioned, the leader comes up with a balance program between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals formulated by the community is the first step. The aim is to shift the youth of the community room a wish for immediate magical transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gamesmanship society must be helped to gain control over h is or her life space as a means to achieving genuine power.Addictive persons tend to resist working toward long-term goals which involve postponement of gratification and the exercise of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, easily achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves â€Å"strokes† when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the counselor for approval and e may be tempted to oblige (Bell, 1973). Another issue which often emerges in counseling youth of the Escalating community is that of achieving intimacy.Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to fear will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help young males to deplorable their views of women , and young women to be more pen and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Bell, 1973).Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to alter reality with a â€Å"fix. † Nevertheless, the physiological response of some individuals to drugs, once habituated is so compelling that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Bell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries emphasize ideology based on love (Hillier Jar. G, 1984). Recognition of the reverence and seriousness of issues among individuals in both communities and its relationship to violent reactions present a great challenge to society.The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from generation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to drop out from school and eventually indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well motivated to stay in school and recognize a bright future ahead. Striving for a better solution to the problems of leaving school will solve the problems of students who resort to gangs and drug selling.The best effort will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start about their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who generate a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts ND frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors.